Insect Species Occurrence Data from Multiple Projects Worldwide with Focus on Bees and Wasps in North America

Evento de muestreo Espécimen
Última versión publicado por United States Geological Survey el abr. 13, 2026 United States Geological Survey
Fecha de publicación:
13 de abril de 2026
Licencia:
CC0 1.0

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Descripción

Species occurrence records for native and non-native bees, wasps and other insects collected for many different projects using mainly bowl, malaise, and vane trapping and insect netting methods in Canada, Mexico, the non-contiguous United States, U.S. Territories (specifically U.S. Virgin Islands), U.S. Minor Outlying Islands and other global locations with the bulk of the specimens coming from projects requested by partners in the Eastern United States often from Federal lands such as USFWS, NPS, DOD, USFS. Some records also contain notes regarding plants or substrates from which insects were collected or that were present and/or in flower at the time the insects were collected. Unless otherwise noted, taxonomic determinations (identifications) were completed by Sam Droege (USGS Bee Lab at the Eastern Ecological Science Center (EESC)) and Clare Maffei (USFWS, National Wildlife Refuge System, Inventory and Monitoring Branch).The USGS Bee Lab currently keeps only a small synoptic collection, rare and voucher specimens are deposited in the Smithsonian National Collection (NMNH) and widely distributed to other institutions for DNA, revisions, and augmentation of existing collections. Surplus specimens are also made available to students to learn their identifications. Corrections to any of our determinations are always welcomed. Common species that are not in demand for surplus are usually destroyed and the pins recycled. Recent revisions to Lasioglossum, Ceratina, and to a much lesser extent Triepeolus and Epeolus and other small groups have rendered determinations prior to those revisions out of date for species involved in name changes and users should account for that during analyses. Current data (included information on specimen codes without identifications) are always available without charge directly from Sam Droege.----------While these data were collected using many different techniques, time periods, and regions they all follow the Wild Bee Data Standard (WBDS) core fields which uses controlled language adapted from Darwin Core (DwC). While the collection methods are unstandardized, the data presentation is.We highly recommend using the “Darwin Core Archive” package for this dataset. This can be downloaded from the GBIF annotated archive. The “Simple” download includes only specimen identification, date, and location. To understand the full context of those observations—including collection methods and associated measurements—download the “Darwin Core Archive” files.Files in the archive are linked by the "eventID" field. Each “eventID” represents a single collection event using one method. For example, a transect of bowl traps and a hand netting event on the same day and location will have separate “eventID’s”. All files include the date and location of the collection.Occurrence file: Provides the complete representation of identifications. This is the best place to explore how uncertain identifications and taxonomic changes affect the dataset. “scientificName” and “taxonRank” are treated conservatively; any specimen with an uncertain species-level identification is rolled up to genus for these fields“verbatimIdentification” shows the estimated identification or, in the case of taxonomic splits, the species group. These are often qualified in some way using terms such as “?”, “aff”, “group”, “near”, etc.“identificationRemarks” provides notes on any changes made.“basisOfRecord” uses controlled language from DwC to describe the nature of the record.Event file:Contains information on the collection method and any associated data recorded by the project (such as weather or flora).“samplingEffort” is the only exception to WBDS. This field cannot be interpreted for the entire dataset because these data are aggregated from multiple sources. Researchers may calculate values for specific collection events.Extended Measurement or Fact file: Adds details related to the controlled-language “samplingProtocol” field from the “Event” file, such as collection medium (e.g.: type of fluid used in traps).Important Notes:Taxonomic uncertainty and changes over time may affect interpretation. Review the Occurrence file for details. These data are aggregated from multiple projects, so some fields may vary in completeness. Absence of bee species from this dataset does not indicate absence of the species from the collecting location. Number of times a species is recorded in this dataset does not represent actual species abundance or common-ness but does offer an indication of fluctuations in communities.

Registros

Los datos en este recurso de evento de muestreo han sido publicados como Archivo Darwin Core(DwC-A), el cual es un formato estándar para compartir datos de biodiversidad como un conjunto de una o más tablas de datos. La tabla de datos del core contiene 329.917 registros.

Este IPT archiva los datos y, por lo tanto, sirve como repositorio de datos. Los datos y los metadatos del recurso están disponibles para su descarga en la sección descargas. La tabla versiones enumera otras versiones del recurso que se han puesto a disposición del público y permite seguir los cambios realizados en el recurso a lo largo del tiempo.

Versiones

La siguiente tabla muestra sólo las versiones publicadas del recurso que son de acceso público.

¿Cómo referenciar?

Los usuarios deben citar este trabajo de la siguiente manera:

Droege S, Maffei C, Shumar S, Lent S (2026). Insect Species Occurrence Data from Multiple Projects Worldwide with Focus on Bees and Wasps in North America. Version 1.30. United States Geological Survey. Samplingevent dataset. https://ipt.gbif.us/resource?r=usgs-pwrc-biml&v=1.30

Derechos

Los usuarios deben respetar los siguientes derechos de uso:

El publicador y propietario de los derechos de este trabajo es United States Geological Survey. En la medida de lo posible según la ley, el publicador ha renunciado a todos los derechos sobre estos datos y los ha dedicado al Dominio público (CC0 1.0). Los usuarios pueden copiar, modificar, distribuir y utilizar la obra, incluso con fines comerciales, sin restricciones.

Registro GBIF

Este recurso ha sido registrado en GBIF con el siguiente UUID: f519367d-6b9d-411c-b319-99424741e7de.  United States Geological Survey publica este recurso y está registrado en GBIF como un publicador de datos avalado por GBIF-US.

Palabras clave

Metadata; bees; pollinators; insects; social bees; solitary bees; Specimen; Occurrence

Contactos

Sam Droege
  • Originador ●
  • Punto De Contacto
  • Biologist
United States Geological Survey
20708 Laurel
Maryland
US
Clare Maffei
  • Custodio De Los Datos ●
  • Originador ●
  • Punto De Contacto
  • Biologist
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
20708 Laurel
MD
US
Sydney Shumar
  • Originador ●
  • Punto De Contacto
  • Biologist
U.S. Geological Survey
20708 Laurel
MD
US
Sally Lent
  • Originador ●
  • Punto De Contacto
  • Biologist
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
20708 Laurel
MD
US

Cobertura geográfica

Canada, Mexico, Non-contiguous United States, U.S. Territories (specifically U.S. Virgin Islands), U.S. Minor Outlying Islands, and other global locations.

Coordenadas límite Latitud Mínima Longitud Mínima [-46,79, -163,482], Latitud Máxima Longitud Máxima [67,112, 121,415]

Cobertura taxonómica

Specimen-based occurrence records for native and non-native bees (Apidae), wasps, and other insects. Records for other non-target insect species commonly captured during bee collection are also recorded in this dataset.

Familia Apidae (bumblebees, carpenter bees, cuckoo bees, digger bees, longhorn bees, orchid bees, honey bees, stingless bees), Andrenidae (andrenid bees, mining bees), Colletidate (colletid bees, plasterer bees, yellow-faced bees, polyester bees, cellophane bees), Halictidae (halictid bees, sweat bees), Megachilidae (megachilid bees, leafcutter bees, mason bees, wool carder bees), Melittidae (melittid bees), Sphecidae (mud daubers, sphecid wasps, digger wasps, sand wasps), Crabronidae (crabronid wasps, cicadakillers, sand wasps, mud daubers), Vespidae (vespid wasps, yellowjackets, hornets, paper wasps), Pompilidae (pompilid wasps, spider wasps, spider-hunting wasps), Scoliidae (scollid wasps), Chrysididae (crysidid wasps, cuckoo wasps, jewel wasps, emerald wasps, golden wasps, ruby wasps), Mutillidae (mutillid wasps, velvet ant, cow killers), Bembicidae, Philanthidae (beewolves), Ampulicidae (cockroach wasp)

Datos del proyecto

No hay descripción disponible

Título Bees of North America (United States, U.S. Territories and Minor Outlying Islands, Canada, and Mexico)
Identificador BIML
Fuentes de Financiación Main funding is provided by United States Geological Survey (USGS), Eastern Ecological Science Center (EESC); with support from Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History; American Museum of Natural History (AMNH), Discover Life (www.discoverlife.org) and other contributors.
Descripción del área de estudio Sampling for this dataset focuses on any location within the non-contiguous United States, U.S territories and Minor Outlying Islands, Canada, and Mexico, mainly in terrestrial locations. In some cases, protected areas such as national parks and wildlife refuges or specific vegetation types are targeted during collecting.

Personas asociadas al proyecto:

Sam Droege
Clare Maffei
Sydney Shumar
Sally Lent

Métodos de muestreo

Collection techniques are not standardized. Each project (>100) uses its own sampling technique complex of traps, netting, and combinations thereof. Time periods vary from short-term (24 hours) and long-term (weeks, months, or continuous) operation of many different sized pan, bowl, cup, or bucket traps, hanging vane, malaise, hand/insect net (mesh size, diameter of head and experience of collector varies greatly), or other traps arranged in transects or arrays of varying lengths. Some sampling methods target specific habitats, vegetation complexes, or plant or insect species. While other sampling methods aim to inventory bee species presence in protected areas such as national parks and wildlife refuges.

Área de Estudio This dataset is an aggregation of numerous projects and collection efforts the Bee Lab has supported over the year conducted across the United States, U.S. territories and Minor Outlying Islands, Canada, Mexico, and other global locations by employees and field personnel of the USGS, and other federal, academic, and state agencies; protected area managers, biologists, private researchers, citizen scientists and volunteers.
Control de Calidad Bee species occurrence records are reviewed by project managers for accuracy and completeness. Unless otherwise noted, taxonomic determinations were completed by Sam Droege and other professional bee taxonomists where necessary (e.g. Dr. John Ascher, American Museum of Natural History; Dr. Jason Gibbs, Cornell University). If taxonomic determinations are completed by a Collector or someone other than Sam Droege, they are reviewed by Sam Droege or other professional bee taxonomists. These data are also subject to review by USGS for accuracy and completeness following Darwin Core including but not limited to scientific name (syntax, spelling), and temporal and geographic information.

Descripción de la metodología paso a paso:

  1. This database follows the Wild Bee Data Standard. Du Clos, B., Seltmann, K. C., Turley, N. E., Maffei, C., Tucker, E. M., Lane, I. G., Levenson, H. K., & Woodard, S. H. (2025). Improving the standardization of wild bee occurrence data: Towards a formal wild bee data standard. Journal of Melittology, 123. https://doi.org/10.17161/jom.vi123.23163

Datos de la colección

Nombre de la Colección USGS_DRO
Identificador de la Colección NA
Identificador de la Colección Parental NA
Métodos de preservación de los ejemplares Montado con alfileres

Referencias bibliográficas

  1. Sellers, E. and D. McCarthy. 2015. Distribution and floral hosts of Anthophorula micheneri (Timberlake, 1947) and Hylaeus sparsus (Cresson, 1869), (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), with new state records in Giles and Loudoun counties, Virginia, eastern USA. Check List 11(3):1665. doi:10.15560/11.3.1665 http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/11.3.1665
  2. Larson, D. L., Droege, S., Rabie, P. A., Larson, J. L., Devalez, J., Haar, M., McDermott-Kubeczko, M. 2014. Using a network modularity analysis to inform management of a rare endemic plant in the northern Great Plains, USA. Journal of Applied Ecology, 51: 1024–1032. doi: 10.1111/1365-2664.12273 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12273
  3. Russell, K. N., H. Ikerd, and S. Droege. 2005. The potential conservation value of unmowed powerline strips for native bees. Biological Conservation 124(1):133-148. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2005.01.022 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2005.01.022
  4. Ascher, J. S., P. Ganibino, and S. Droege. 2006. Adventive Hylaeus (Spatulariella Popov) in the New World (Hymenoptera : Apoidea : Colletidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 108(1):237-239. http://biostor.org/reference/55432 http://biostor.org/reference/55432
  5. Rykken, J., A. Rodman, S. Droege, and R. Grundel. 2014. Pollinators in peril? A multipark approach to evaluating bee communities in habitats vulnerable to effects from climate change. Park Science 31(1):84-90. http://www.nature.nps.gov/ParkScience/index.cfm?ArticleID=678; http://www.nature.nps.gov/ParkScience/archive/PDF/Article_PDFs/ParkScience31(1)SpecialIssue2014_84-87_89-90_Rykken_et_al_3797.pdf http://www.nature.nps.gov/ParkScience/archive/PDF/Article_PDFs/ParkScience31(1)SpecialIssue2014_84-87_89-90_Rykken_et_al_3797.pdf
  6. Colla, S. R., J. S. Ascher, M. Arduser, J. Cane, M. Deyrup, S. Droege, J. Gibbs, T. Griswold, H. G. Hall, C. Henne, J. Neff, R. P. Jean, M. G. Rightmyer, C. Sheffield, M. Veit, and A. Wolf. 2012. Documenting persistence of most eastern North American bee species (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) to 1990-2009. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 85(1):14-22. doi:10.2317/JKES110726.1 http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.2317/JKES110726.1
  7. Droege, S., M. G. Rightmyer, C. S. Sheffield, and S. G. Brady. 2010. New synonymies in the bee genus Nomada from North America (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Zootaxa No. 2661:1-32. http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/list/2010/2661.html
  8. Droege, S., V. J. Tepedino, G. Lebuhn, W. A. Link, R. L. Minckley, Q. Chen, and C. Conrad. 2010. Spatial patterns of bee captures in North American bowl trapping surveys. Insect Conservation and Diversity 3(1):15-23. doi:10.1111/j.1752-4598.2009.00074.x http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-4598.2009.00074.x
  9. Droege, S., C. A. Davis, W. E. Steiner, Jr., and Mawdsley, J. 2009. The lost micro-deserts of the Patuxent River using landscape history, insect and plant specimens, and field work to detect and define a unique community. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 111(1):132-144. doi:10.4289/0013-8797-111.1.132 http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.4289/0013-8797-111.1.132

Metadatos adicionales

Many projects use protocols outlined in the "National Protocol Framework for the Inventory and Monitoring of Bees Ver 3.0." Using this resource is not a requirement for services. https://iris.fws.gov/APPS/ServCat/Reference/Profile/179113

Many projects use field techniques outlined in "The Very Handy Bee Manual." This not a standardized protocol or a requirement for services. https://zenodo.org/records/12812755

Users are encouraged to review the U.S. National Native Bee Monitoring Research and Coordination Network (https://www.nativebeemonitoring.org/) special issues series within the Journal of Melittology. The special issue gathers standardized methods to advance standardized, reproducible methods for the study of wild bees. Woodard, S. H., & Levenson, H. K. (2025). Special issue series: Advancing wild bee research and conservation through standardized methods. Journal of Melittology, 123. https://doi.org/10.17161/jom.vi123.22605

Primeros pasos
Propósito
Identificadores alternativos f519367d-6b9d-411c-b319-99424741e7de
https://ipt.gbif.us/resource?r=usgs-pwrc-biml