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         xml:lang="eng">

<dataset>
  <alternateIdentifier>af0496b9-af24-4290-81e6-d25e90ffb9d1</alternateIdentifier>
  <alternateIdentifier>https://bison.usgs.gov/ipt/resource?r=usgs_asc-copperriverdelta-birds-1997-2005</alternateIdentifier>
  <title xml:lang="eng">USGS ASC - Copper River Delta - Birds - 1997-2005</title>
      <creator>
    <individualName>
        <givenName>Tom</givenName>
      <surName>Fondell</surName>
    </individualName>
    <organizationName>US Geological Survey Alaska Science Center</organizationName>
    <positionName>Research Wildlife Biologist</positionName>
    <address>
        <deliveryPoint>4210 University Dr</deliveryPoint>
        <city>Anchorage</city>
        <administrativeArea>Alaska</administrativeArea>
        <postalCode>99508-4626</postalCode>
        <country>US</country>
    </address>
    <phone>+1 (907) 786-7155</phone>
    <electronicMailAddress>tfondell@usgs.gov</electronicMailAddress>
      </creator>
      <metadataProvider>
    <individualName>
        <givenName>Annie</givenName>
      <surName>Simpson</surName>
    </individualName>
    <organizationName>USGS Core Science Systems</organizationName>
    <positionName>biologist and information scientist</positionName>
    <address>
        <deliveryPoint>12201 Sunrise Valley Dr</deliveryPoint>
        <city>Reston</city>
        <administrativeArea>VA</administrativeArea>
        <postalCode>20192</postalCode>
    </address>
    <phone>7036484281</phone>
    <electronicMailAddress>asimpson@usgs.gov</electronicMailAddress>
      </metadataProvider>
      <associatedParty>
    <individualName>
        <givenName>Tom</givenName>
      <surName>Fondell</surName>
    </individualName>
    <organizationName>US Geological Survey Alaska Science Center</organizationName>
    <positionName>Research Wildlife Biologist</positionName>
    <address>
        <deliveryPoint>4210 University Dr</deliveryPoint>
        <city>Anchorage</city>
        <administrativeArea>Alaska</administrativeArea>
        <postalCode>99508-4626</postalCode>
        <country>US</country>
    </address>
    <phone>+1 (907) 786-7155</phone>
    <electronicMailAddress>tfondell@usgs.gov</electronicMailAddress>
    <role>principalInvestigator</role>
      </associatedParty>
      <associatedParty>
    <individualName>
        <givenName>John</givenName>
      <surName>Pearce</surName>
    </individualName>
    <organizationName>US Geological Survey Alaska Science Center</organizationName>
    <positionName>Research Wildlife Biologist</positionName>
    <address>
        <deliveryPoint>4210 University Dr</deliveryPoint>
        <city>Anchorage</city>
        <administrativeArea>Alaska</administrativeArea>
        <postalCode>99508-4626</postalCode>
        <country>US</country>
    </address>
    <phone>+1 (907) 786-7094</phone>
    <electronicMailAddress>jpearce@usgs.gov</electronicMailAddress>
    <role>pointOfContact</role>
      </associatedParty>
  <pubDate>
      2019-12-11
  </pubDate>
  <language>eng</language>
  <abstract>
    <para>Waterbirds were observed during breeding season in the Copper River Delta Area of Alaska. These data include 14 unique taxa observed over a seven-year period. In 1964, an earthquake changed the wetlands of this area, uplifting them by 1.9 meters and draining large areas. Goose breeding populations have since been in decline. These data provide occurrence information at nests.</para>
  </abstract>
      <keywordSet>
            <keyword>Metadata</keyword>
        <keywordThesaurus>GBIF Dataset Type Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_type.xml</keywordThesaurus>
      </keywordSet>
      <keywordSet>
            <keyword>Aves</keyword>
            <keyword>Anseriformes</keyword>
        <keywordThesaurus>ITIS http://www.itis.gov</keywordThesaurus>
      </keywordSet>
      <keywordSet>
            <keyword>wetlands</keyword>
            <keyword>game birds</keyword>
            <keyword>breeding sites</keyword>
        <keywordThesaurus>USGS biocomplexity thesaurus</keywordThesaurus>
      </keywordSet>
      <keywordSet>
            <keyword>Observation</keyword>
        <keywordThesaurus>GBIF Dataset Subtype Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_subtype.xml</keywordThesaurus>
      </keywordSet>
  <intellectualRights>
    <para>To the extent possible under law, the publisher has waived all rights to these data and has dedicated them to the <ulink url="http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode"><citetitle>Public Domain (CC0 1.0)</citetitle></ulink>. Users may copy, modify, distribute and use the work, including for commercial purposes, without restriction.</para>
  </intellectualRights>
  <coverage>
      <geographicCoverage>
          <geographicDescription>min longitude = -146.8642
max longitude) = -144.1142
min latitude =  50.53789
max latitude = 63.93678
Note that there appears to be a typographic error in the minimum latitude. One record mentions 60.53789, but that falls in the middle of the north Pacific Ocean.</geographicDescription>
        <boundingCoordinates>
          <westBoundingCoordinate>-146.864</westBoundingCoordinate>
          <eastBoundingCoordinate>-144.114</eastBoundingCoordinate>
          <northBoundingCoordinate>63.937</northBoundingCoordinate>
          <southBoundingCoordinate>60.538</southBoundingCoordinate>
        </boundingCoordinates>
      </geographicCoverage>
          <temporalCoverage>
              <rangeOfDates>
                  <beginDate>
                    <calendarDate>1997</calendarDate>
                  </beginDate>
                <endDate>
                  <calendarDate>2005</calendarDate>
                </endDate>
              </rangeOfDates>
          </temporalCoverage>
          <taxonomicCoverage>
              <generalTaxonomicCoverage>nesting birds.</generalTaxonomicCoverage>
              <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                <taxonRankValue>Branta canadensis</taxonRankValue>
              </taxonomicClassification>
              <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                <taxonRankValue>Anas platyrhynchos</taxonRankValue>
              </taxonomicClassification>
              <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                <taxonRankValue>Aythya marila</taxonRankValue>
              </taxonomicClassification>
              <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                <taxonRankValue>Anas acuta</taxonRankValue>
              </taxonomicClassification>
              <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                <taxonRankValue>Anas crecca</taxonRankValue>
              </taxonomicClassification>
              <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                <taxonRankValue>Anas discors</taxonRankValue>
              </taxonomicClassification>
              <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                <taxonRankValue>Anas strepera</taxonRankValue>
              </taxonomicClassification>
              <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                <taxonRankValue>Anas americana</taxonRankValue>
              </taxonomicClassification>
              <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                <taxonRankValue>Aythya collaris</taxonRankValue>
              </taxonomicClassification>
              <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                <taxonRankValue>Gavia stellata</taxonRankValue>
              </taxonomicClassification>
              <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                <taxonRankValue>Asio flammeus</taxonRankValue>
              </taxonomicClassification>
              <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                <taxonRankValue>Cygnus buccinator</taxonRankValue>
              </taxonomicClassification>
              <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                <taxonRankValue>Anas clypeata</taxonRankValue>
              </taxonomicClassification>
              <taxonomicClassification>
                  <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                <taxonRankValue>Mergus serrator</taxonRankValue>
              </taxonomicClassification>
          </taxonomicCoverage>
  </coverage>
  <purpose>
    <para>The data was collected to monitor population trends in nesting waterbirds after a severe environmental impact in the Copper River Delta region of Alaska (a seismic event that elevated the region by 1.9M).</para>
  </purpose>
  <maintenance>
    <description>
      <para></para>
    </description>
    <maintenanceUpdateFrequency>notPlanned</maintenanceUpdateFrequency>
  </maintenance>

      <contact>
    <individualName>
        <givenName>Tom</givenName>
      <surName>Fondell</surName>
    </individualName>
    <organizationName>US Geological Survey Alaska Science Center</organizationName>
    <positionName>Research Wildlife Biologist</positionName>
    <address>
        <deliveryPoint>4210 University Dr</deliveryPoint>
        <city>Anchorage</city>
        <administrativeArea>Alaska</administrativeArea>
        <postalCode>99508-4626</postalCode>
        <country>US</country>
    </address>
    <phone>+1 (907) 786-7155</phone>
    <electronicMailAddress>tfondell@usgs.gov</electronicMailAddress>
      </contact>
  <methods>
        <methodStep>
          <description>
            <para>N/A.</para>
          </description>
        </methodStep>
      <sampling>
        <studyExtent>
          <description>
            <para>For the goose portion of the study, the extent was as described in the citation.</para>
          </description>
        </studyExtent>
        <samplingDescription>
          <para>For the goose portion of the study, sampling was as described in the citation.</para>
        </samplingDescription>
      </sampling>
      <qualityControl>
        <description>
          <para>Aerial surveys of nesting birds are biased because some portion of the population are not observed. For our study, the expansion of aerial surveys was based on nest densities from random ground plots surveyed on foot. This adjustment was calculated as the ratio of the density of nests to the density of indicated pairs observed from aircraft. This calculation was based on active and destroyed nests with the assumption that each nest represented one breeding pair.</para>
        </description>
      </qualityControl>
  </methods>
  <project >
    <title>Renesting by Dusky Canada Geese on the Copper RiverDelta, Alaska</title>
      <personnel>
        <individualName>
            <givenName>Thomas F.</givenName>
          <surName>Fondell</surName>
        </individualName>
        <role>author</role>
      </personnel>
      <funding>
        <para>funded by the USFWS, Region 7, Migratory BirdManagement Division; United States Forest Service, ChugachRanger District; and United States Geological Survey, AlaskaScience Center.</para>
      </funding>
      <studyAreaDescription>
        <descriptor name="generic"
                    citableClassificationSystem="false">
          <descriptorValue>This particular aspect of this study was conducted on a 13-km2 area adjacent to Alaganik Slough on the west side of the Copper River Delta (ca.60 degrees N). Prior to 1964, this area had been brackish sedge (Carex spp.) meadow, maintained by tidal flooding. In 1964, the delta was uplifted 2.0 m by an earthquake that resulted in increased drainage of uplands, near cessation of tidal flooding, and decreased salinity. All ponds and wetlands became fresh water. Shrubs (mainly sweet gale [Myrica gale], alder [Alnus crispa], and willow [Salix spp.]) and trees (cottonwood [Populus balsamifera] and Sitka spruce [Picea sitchensis]) have invaded and now dominate the drier levees. Concurrent with increased woody vegetation, beavers (Castor canadensis) colonized the delta. Large tidal sloughs continued to drain the delta, but tributaries off the main sloughs were dammed by beavers and transformed into long, deep freshwater ponds. Beaver activity also flooded upland, increasing the area of wetland between slough levees and pond basins. These areas continued to be dominated by freshwater sedges and mosses.</descriptorValue>
        </descriptor>
      </studyAreaDescription>
      <designDescription>
        <description>
          <para>Birds were captured where possible and marked with neck collars at least 1 year prior to initiation of our study. Capture techniques included bow traps for nesting birds and corral traps for molting and hatch-year birds. We located most nests of collared females during systematic searches of the entire study area. We conducted systematic searches on foot, often using a trained dog, twice each year, and each search took approximately 3 weeks to complete.</para>
        </description>
      </designDescription>
  </project>
</dataset>
  <additionalMetadata>
    <metadata>
      <gbif>
          <dateStamp>2015-04-03T12:50:49.535-06:00</dateStamp>
          <hierarchyLevel>dataset</hierarchyLevel>
            <citation identifier="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.2193/0022-541X(2006)70[955:RBDCGO]2.0.CO;2/epdf">FONDELL, THOMAS F., JAMES B. GRAND, DAVID A. MILLER, R. MICHAEL ANTHONY. 2006. Renesting by Dusky Canada Geese on the Copper River Delta, Alaska. The Journal of Wildlife Management, 70(4):955–964.</citation>
          <bibliography>
                <citation identifier="DOI: 10.1650/CONDOR-14-25.1">Rizzolo, Daniel, Joel A. Schmutz, Sarah E. McCloskey, and Thomas F. Fondell. 2014. Factors influencing nest survival and productivity of Red-throated Loons (Gavia stellata) in Alaska. The Condor 116(4):574-587. http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70141388</citation>
                <citation identifier="DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1648/0273-8570-75.1.40">Anthony, R. M., J. B. Grand, T. F. Fondell, and B.F.J. Manly. 2004.  A quantitative approach to identifying predators from nest remains. Journal of Field Ornithology. 75:40-48.</citation>
                <citation identifier="DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2981/0909-6396(2006)12[249:TFIPOG]2.0.CO;2">Anthony, R. M., Grand, J. B., Fondell T. F. &amp; D. A. Miller. 2006. Techniques for identifying predators of goose nests. Wildlife Biology 12:249-256.</citation>
                <citation identifier="DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2006)70[955:RBDCGO]2.0.CO;2">Fondell, T. F., J.  B. Grand, D. A. Miller, and R. M. Anthony. 2006.  Renesting by dusky Canada Geese on the Copper River Delta, Alaska.  Journal of Wildlife Management. 70:955-964.</citation>
                <citation identifier="DOI: 10.2193/2007-480">Fondell, T. F., D. A. Miller, J.  B. Grand, and R. M. Anthony. 2008.  Survival of dusky Canada Goose goslings in relation to weather and annual nest success.  Journal of Wildlife Management 72:1614-1621.</citation>
                <citation identifier="DOI: 10.1111/j.1557-9263.2008.00191.x">Fondell, T. F., J.  B. Grand, D. A. Miller, and R. M. Anthony. 2008.  Predators of Dusky Canada Goose goslings and the effects of transmitters on gosling survival.  Journal of Field Ornithology 79:399-407.</citation>
                <citation identifier="DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1642/0004-8038(2006)123[0198:NSIDCG]2.0.CO;2">Grand, J. B., T. F. Fondell, D. A. Miller, and R. M. Anthony.  2006.  Nest survival of dusky Canada geese: use of discrete time models.  Auk 123:198-210.</citation>
                <citation>Miller, D. A. 2004. Factors related to temporal and spatial variation in nest survival for dusky Canada geese on the Copper River Delta, Alaska.  M.Sc. Thesis.  Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama.</citation>
                <citation identifier="DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2005.01025.x">Miller, D. A., J.  B. Grand, T. F. Fondell, and R. M. Anthony. 2006. Predator functional response and prey survival: direct and indirect interactions affecting a marked prey population. Journal of Animal Ecology 75:101-110.</citation>
                <citation identifier="DOI: 10.1650/0010-5422(2007)109[769:ONSAFS]2.0.CO;2">Miller, D. A., J.  B. Grand, T. F. Fondell, and R. M. Anthony.  2007.  Optimizing nest survival and female survival: consequences of nest site selection for Canada geese.  Condor 109:769-780.</citation>
          </bibliography>
          <resourceLogoUrl>https://bison.usgs.gov/ipt/logo.do?r=usgs_asc-copperriverdelta-birds-1997-2005</resourceLogoUrl>
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